Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines the structure of the waste bank funding network supporting circular economy development in Badung Regency, Indonesia. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, a focus group discussion conducted in 2026, and field observations involving stakeholders engaged in waste bank activities. Social Network Analysis (SNA) was applied to a directed adjacency matrix to assess actor positions using in-degree, out-degree, betweenness centrality, Influence Range Closeness Centrality, and eigenvector centrality, complemented by Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). The findings indicate that the Central Waste Bank occupies the most prominent structural position in the funding network, particularly through its extensive outgoing connections and intermediary role. Waste Bank Units, collectors, community groups, and other supporting actors perform complementary functions in facilitating the circulation of economic resources, whereas recycling industry actors exhibit a relatively peripheral network position. By shifting the analytical focus from communication and stakeholder coordination, which dominate much of the existing waste bank literature, to the directed structure of funding and economic-resource relationships, this study offers a distinct perspective on the institutional foundations of waste bank sustainability. The findings further suggest that institutional centrality can facilitate coordination and resource distribution but may also increase network vulnerability when alternative funding channels and market connections are limited. Accordingly, diversifying funding sources, strengthening market linkages, and improving coordination among waste bank stakeholders are essential to fostering a more resilient and inclusive circular economy system in Badung Regency.
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References
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- Putnam, R. D., Leonardi, R., & Nanetti, R. Y. (1994). Making Democracy Work. Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400820740
- Ratiabriani, N. M. , & P. I. B. P. (2016). Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Program Bank Sampah: Model Logit. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana.
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References
Afdhal, A. (2024). Peran Bank Sampah Dalam Memperkuat Ekonomi Lokal Dan Membangun Lingkungan Berkelanjutan. Saskara: Indonesian Journal of Society Studies, 4(1), 134–154. https://doi.org/10.21009/Saskara.041.03
Asteria, D., & Heruman, H. (2016). Bank Sampah Sebagai Alternatif Strategi Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Masyarakat Di Tasikmalaya (Bank Sampah (Waste Banks) as an Alternative of Community-Based Waste Management Strategy in Tasikmalaya). Jurnal Manusia Dan Lingkungan, 23(1), 136. https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18783
Bocken, N. M. P., de Pauw, I., Bakker, C., & van der Grinten, B. (2016). Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 33(5), 308–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124
Borgatti, S. P. , E. M. G. , & J. J. C. (2018). Analysing social networks (2nd ed.).
De Silva, R., & Divigalpitiya, P. (2026). Layered Social Network Dynamics in Community-Based Waste Management Initiatives: Evidence from Colombo, Sri Lanka. Resources, 15(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources15010019
Ezeudu, O. B., & Bristow, D. (2025). Financing methods for solid waste management: A review of typology, classifications, and circular economy implications. Sustainable Development, 33(2), 3062–3085. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.3256
Fatmawati, F., Ilham, I., Saleh, S., & Razak, A. R. (2024). Waste Management System: A Case Study of Waste Bank Management Toward a Circular Economy in Maros Regency. Jurnal Borneo Administrator, 20(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v20i1.1206
Ferronato, N., & Torretta, V. (2019). Waste Mismanagement in Developing Countries: A Review of Global Issues. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061060
Freeman, L. C. (1978). Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification. Social Networks, 1(3), 215–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8733(78)90021-7
Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 757–768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048
Guerrero, L. A., Maas, G., & Hogland, W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(1), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.008
Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017). Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 127, 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005
Korhonen, J., Honkasalo, A., & Seppälä, J. (2018). Circular Economy: The Concept and its Limitations. Ecological Economics, 143, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.06.041
Krisnayanti, N. M. N., & Saskara, I. A. N. (2024). Predicting Women’s Involvement for Sustainable Tourism in the Local Economy: A Bayesian Network Approach. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 22(1), 13–28. https://doi.org/10.29259/jep.v22i1.23098
Liao, H., Wu, Z., Liu, F., & Zhang, C. (2023). Applications Of Social Network Analysis In Promoting Circular Economy: A Literature Review. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 29(5), 1559–1586. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2023.20104
Lishan, X., Sha, H., Zhilong, Y., Ouwen, Z., & Tao, L. (2021). Identifying multiple stakeholders’ roles and network in urban waste separation management-a case study in Xiamen, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, 123569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123569
Murray, A., Skene, K., & Haynes, K. (2017). The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and Application in a Global Context. Journal of Business Ethics, 140(3), 369–380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2693-2
Octavianto, S. N., Amin Pujiati, & Sucihatiningsih Dian Wisika Prajanti. (2024). Hexahelix Analysis: Accelerating Food Loss and Waste Management in Support of Circular Economy Implementation in the Local Region. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 22(1), 77–106. https://doi.org/10.29259/jep.v22i1.23111
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action.
Ostrom, E. (2000). Collective Action and the Evolution of Social Norms. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(3), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.14.3.137
Prayati, N. M. V. , & K. I. N. (2018). Analisis Pengaruh Program Bank Sampah terhadap Pendapatan Nasabah Bank Sampah di Kota Denpasar. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana.
Pretty, J. (2003). Social Capital and the Collective Management of Resources. Science, 302(5652), 1912–1914. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1090847
Prieto-Sandoval, V., Jaca, C., & Ormazabal, M. (2018). Towards a consensus on the circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 179, 605–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.224
Putnam, R. D., Leonardi, R., & Nanetti, R. Y. (1994). Making Democracy Work. Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400820740
Ratiabriani, N. M. , & P. I. B. P. (2016). Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Program Bank Sampah: Model Logit. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana.
Sekardadi, N. M. A., & Sutrisna, I. K. (2022). Determinan Pendapatan Anggota Bank Sampah Mandiri (Bsm) di Desa Punggul, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kabupaten Badung. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana, 11(7), 2751. https://doi.org/10.24843/EEP.2022.v11.i07.p11
Tleuken, A., Rogetzer, P., Fraccascia, L., & Yazan, D. M. (2026). From atoms to allies: a social network analysis of information and resource exchange in hubs for circularity. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 30(2), 505–520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44498-026-00034-y
Ulhasanah, N., Suhardono, S., Lee, C.-H., Faza, A. S., Zahir, A., & Suryawan, I. W. K. (2025). Modelling participation in waste bank initiatives at public transport hubs to advance circular economy development. Discover Sustainability, 6(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-00940-4
Warsiyah, Mawardi, & Moh Fahrurozi. (2025). Circular Economy in Waste Bank for Sustainability and Empowerment. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 14(3), 355–368. https://doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v14i3.31787
Wasserman, S., & Faust, K. (1994). Social Network Analysis. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815478
Wellang, M. A., Radde, H. A., & Matsumoto, T. (2024). The Communication Network of the Waste Bank Unit Using Social Network Analysis. Advances in Research, 26(4), 709–720. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2025/v26i41449
Wellang, M. A., Radde, H. A., & Matsumoto, T. (2025). Understanding Waste Bank Management: a Study of Coordination Between Waste Bank Management Stakeholders Using Social Networks Analysis. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 19(3), e011540. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v19n3-109
Wilson, D. C., Velis, C., & Cheeseman, C. (2006). Role of informal sector recycling in waste management in developing countries. Habitat International, 30(4), 797–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2005.09.005
Yang, Q. Z., Zhou, J., & Xu, K. (2014). A 3R Implementation Framework to Enable Circular Consumption in Community. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 217–222. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJESD.2014.V5.481
Zuhdi, S., Saputra, T., Hernimawati, & Dailiati, S. (2026). Collaborative governance and stakeholder participation: developing a structural model for sustainable urban waste bank management. Cogent Social Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2026.2708366